KHD Humboldt Wedag GmbH

Alternative fuels in the cement
manufacturing process

Due to the numerous possible sources of alternative fuels, the degree of variability in energy content, ash, moisture, particle size, form, density etc., extensive experience and know-how are necessary in order to identify the effect of co-processing on the clinker production process and, thus, offer the best solutions for the entire application of alternative fuels in the pyroprocess, comprising of the handling and firing systems.

1 Effects on the clinker manufacturing process

The clinker manufacturing process offers ideal prerequisites for the safe combustion of alternative fuels. Due to the fact that the process involves high temperatures, long retention times, and high oxygen concentrations (Fig. 1) complete conversion of the organic substances is assured. Lime, the main raw material component, produces a basic dust atmosphere which assures safe transformation of the acid elements introduced with the alternative fuels, such as chlorine, sulphur and fluorine, from the gas phase into the solid phase. The mineral...

Related articles:

Issue 2014-5 Special AFR

1 Introduction To cut the energy cost for clinker production, the German cement industry started substitution of primary fuels with Alternative Fuels (AF) such as used oil or tyres after the first oil...

more
Issue 2012-11

In many parts of the world, the use of alternative fuels is a recognized measure for reducing the CO2 emissions that result from burning primary fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Alternative or...

more
Issue 2014-06 FLSMIDTH

1 Introduction A HOTDISCTM combustion device is a boon to cement producers, who intend to substitute fossil fuels with solid alternative fuels on a large scale. The apparatus is an integrated part of...

more
Issue 2011-10

In the following, concepts are introduced based on the mechanical, physical and thermal processing of substitute fuels. With increasing international cost pressures not only the applications of...

more
Issue 2014-5 A TEC GRECO

1 Historical review The main technological principles of high momentum kiln burners by A TEC Greco are based on calculations and studies undertaken by Prof. Clemente Greco (1937-2003), who lectured in...

more